Part-time employee
What is a part-time employee?
A part-time employee is someone who works fewer hours than a full-time worker, usually under a specific limit set by the employer or local labor law (typically about 30 to 35 hours per week or fewer). In contrast to full-time workers, part-time employees are not necessarily entitled to the same set of benefits, such as health insurance, paid time off, or contributions to retirement accounts, although some benefits might still apply based on local regulations and company policies.
Part-time jobs are flexible and commonly found in retail, hospitality, education, and healthcare. They provide improved work-life balance, supplemental earnings, or transitional work for individuals.
Why do businesses hire part-time workers?
There are various reasons why companies hire part-time workers, which are often strategic and operational in nature:
Cost savings:
Part-time workers typically incur lower payroll and benefits expenses.
Operational flexibility:
Part-time employees can be scheduled during business hours, weekends, or seasonal periods without requiring a full-time wage commitment.
Talent pool creation:
Part-time hiring opens the door for students, caregivers, retirees, or professionals who cannot commit to a full-time position.
Retention strategy:
For some positions, part-time provides improved work-life balance, which can lead to better retention.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of being in part-time employment?
Here are some of the advantages of being in a part-time employment:
- Improved balance between professional and personal life
- Opportunity to gain work experience with a lower time commitment
- Less chance of burnout or fatigue
- Improves employers' ability to match labor supply to demand
- Facilitates the inclusion of various groups who want non-standard work hours
- Easier onboarding for temporary or project-based employment
Below are some of the disadvantages of being in a part-time employment:
- Lower earnings relative to full-time work
- Limited benefit access (e.g., health insurance, paid leave)
- Fewer opportunities for training or career development
- Frequently perceived as less secure than full-time employment
- Isolated from the full-time crew or miss important information
How can organizations use part-time staff in an effective way?
Managing part-time workers effectively requires a careful approach:
Transparent communication:
Ensure part-time workers are aware of their duties, work schedules, and reporting hierarchy.
Consistent scheduling:
Where feasible, keep the same hours to enable employees to plan in advance.
Performance oversight:
Apply the same productivity criteria and feedback as you would with full-time employees.
Inclusion:
Involve them in team meetings and culture programs to increase engagement.
Upskilling opportunities:
Offer training access so they feel invested and well-prepared for potential full-time opportunities.
How many hours is considered part-time work?
Employers can define part-time hours as they like, but that definition has to meet local labor regulations. Under 30–35 hours per week is defined as part-time in most sectors.
Do part-time workers have the same benefits as temporary workers?
Part-time workers are normally permanent employees who work reduced hours, so they may receive pro-rated benefits depending on company policy.
Temporary workers are hired for a short-term project or role and are not necessarily entitled to long-term benefits.
Some companies offer basic benefits (such as sick leave or insurance coverage) to both groups, particularly if required by law.
What is the difference between part-time and full-time employment?
Part-time workers work less than full-time workers, typically under 30–35 hours per week, and frequently have limited benefits access and less involvement in long-term projects. Full-time workers have a greater time obligation, typically 35–40+ hours per week, and are more likely to enjoy full benefits, clearer development paths, and greater responsibilities within the company.
What is the difference between part-time and on-call employees?
Part-time workers have fixed, regular shifts with consistent expectations, albeit limited in hours. On-call workers work only when called upon and can have no regular schedule—they're summoned on demand, with their work hours being unpredictable. Part-time work provides some stability, but on-call work provides maximum flexibility with minimal obligation.