Data Modeling
Zoho Analytics comes with a powerful formula engine that helps you derive new business metrics from your data, enabling deeper analysis and actionable insights.
It offers a wide range of built-in functions for common and advanced computations. You can apply these directly or combine them to create custom formula expressions tailored to your analysis needs.
To define and calculate metrics, Zoho Analytics supports multiple options:
- Formula Column - Create new columns by applying expressions at the data level.
- Aggregate Formula - Perform summary-level calculations like totals, averages, and ratios.
- Report Formula - Add custom calculations directly within individual reports or dashboards.
- Query Table - Use SQL-like queries to build derived tables from existing data, useful for complex data preparation or modeling.
Formula Column
A Formula Column lets you create a new computed column within your data table using custom expressions.
Zoho Analytics offers a rich set of logical, statistical, date, and string functions, which you can combine with arithmetic operators (+, –, /, *) to build your formula. The result is stored as a new column in the data table and can be used in reports just like any other field.
Click here to learn more about Formula Columns.
Aggregate Formula
An Aggregate Formula enables you to define key performance metrics based on your business needs.
These formulas return a single numeric value per data group or record in reports like charts, pivot tables, and summary views. Unlike Formula Columns, Aggregate Formulas are not added to the base table—they exist only within the reporting layer.
Click here to learn more about Aggregate Formulas.
Report Formula
A Report Formula is a type of aggregate formula created directly within a report.
It allows basic arithmetic operations and nested IF conditions over the columns used in that specific report. The formula is added as a metric within the report and is exclusive to that report—it cannot be reused elsewhere.
Click here to learn more about Report Formulas.
Query Table
A Query Table allows you to perform advanced data modeling by writing SQL-based queries to combine and transform data from multiple tables.
You can apply complex calculations, joins, and filters using standard SQL SELECT statements. This option is ideal for scenarios that go beyond what can be achieved using built-in formula types.